Rotating Internship: St. Elizabeth Hospital, Youngstown, Ohio 1968 – 1969

Junior Pediatric Residency: Janway Children’s Hospital, St. John, Nfld, Canada 1969 – 1970

Ophthalmology Residency: University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada – 1973 – 1976

Certification: Board Certification 1977

Medical School: Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio – MD 1982

Internship: Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio 1982 – 1983

Ophthalmology Residency: University Hospitals of Cleveland, Cleveland, Ohio – 1983 – 1986

Certification: Board Certification 1989, Licensure to Practice Medicine in Ohio

Medical School: North East Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, Ohio – MD 1988, Magna Cum Laude

Internship: Forum Health (WRCS), Youngstown, Ohio 1988 – 1989

Ophthalmology Residency: Northwestern University, Chicago, IL – 1989 – 1992

Fellowship: Children’s Memorial Hospital, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 1991 – 1993

Fellowship in Academic Medicine: Research Track, NEOMED 2012

Certification: Board Certification 1994, Renewed 2005. Licensure to Practice Medicine in Ohio

Medical School: Northeastern Ohio University College of Medicine, Rootstown, Ohio – MD 1986

Ophthalmology Residency: Akron City Hospital / Summa Health Center, Akron, Ohio – 1988 – 1991

Certification: Board Certification 1992, Recertification 2002, 2012, Licensure to Practice Medicine in Ohio

Medical School: The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio – MD 1993

Ophthalmology Residency: Indiana University Medical Center, Indianapolis, Indiana 1994 – 1997

Fellowship in Glaucoma: University of Oklahoma, Dean a McGee Eye Institute, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma 1997

Certification: Board Certification 1998, Licensure to Practice Medicine in Ohio

Medical School: Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine Cleveland, OH. Fellowship in Medical Retina, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, 2021 and Medical Retina.

Ophthalmology Residency: University Hospitals Case Medical Center, Cleveland, OH

Certification: Board Certification 2016

Medical School: Medical College of Ohio, Toledo, Ohio - MD 1996

Ophthalmology Residency: University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland – 1997 – 2000

Fellowship: Cornea, External Disease, and Refractive Surgery Medical College of Pennsylvania, Allegheny Health Sciences Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 2000 – 2001

Certification: Licensure to Practice Medicine in Ohio

Medical School: Case Western Reserve School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, 2005

Transitional Internship: SUMMA Health System Department of Medicine Akron, OH, 2006

Ophthalmology Residency: Case Western Reserve University Department of Ophthalmology, 2009

Certification: Board Certification 2011. Licensure to Practice Medicine in Ohio

Medical School: University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio – MD 2009

Ophthalmology Residency: University Hospitals of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio – 2010 – 2013

Fellowship: Vitreoretinal Surgery, University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois 2013 – 2015

Certification: Board Certification, Licensure to Practice Medicine in Ohio and Illinois

Optometry School: The Ohio State University College of Optometry, Columbus, Ohio – 1991

Certification: Licensure to Practice Optometry in Ohio and Virginia

Optometry School: The Ohio State University College of Optometry, Columbus, Ohio – 2005

Certification: Licensure to Practice Optometry in Ohio

Ocular Disease Residency: Louis Stokes VAMC Cleveland – 2006

Optometry School: The Ohio State University College of Optometry, Columbus, Ohio – 1993

Externship: Veterans Administration Medical Center, Chillicothe, Ohio – 1993

Optometry School: The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio - June 2010

Certification: Licensure to Practice Optometry in Ohio - 2010

Residency in Ocular Disease: Louis Stokes VAMC, Cleveland, Ohio - July 2011